Phi phenomenon

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The phi phenomenon is the optical illusion of perceiving a series of still images, when viewed in rapid succession, as continuous motion.

Max Wertheimer defined this phenomenon in 1912.

Comparison with beta movement

The phi phenomenon is similar to beta movement in that both cause sensation of movement.

However, the phi phenomenon is an apparent movement caused by luminous impulses in sequence, whereas beta movement is an apparent movement caused by luminous stationary impulses.

Role in Hugo Münsterberg's theory of film

The phi phenomenon and persistence of vision together formed the foundation of Hugo Münsterberg's theory of film and are part of the process of motion perception.

See also

External links