HTML5

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HTML5 is a core technology markup language of the Internet used for structuring and presenting content for the World Wide Web. As of October 2014 this is the final and complete fifth revision of the HTML standard of the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C).

About HTML5

Its core aims have been to improve the language with support for the latest multimedia while keeping it easily readable by humans and consistently understood by computers and devices (web browsers, parsers, etc.).

HTML5 replaces older versions of HTML and XHTML.

Following its immediate predecessors HTML 4.01 and XHTML 1.1, HTML5 is a response to the fact that the HTML and XHTML in common use on the World Wide Web are a mixture of features introduced by various specifications, along with those introduced by software products such as web browsers, those established by common practice.

Simple HTML5 example

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
	<head>
		<meta charset="utf-8"/>	
		<title>HTML 5 example:  minimum required elements</title>
	</head>
	<body>
	</body>
</html>

New Features

  • Detailed processing models to encourage more interoperable implementations
  • Extends, improves and rationalises the markup available for documents
  • Introduces markup and application programming interfaces (APIs) for complex web applications

For the same reasons, HTML5 is also a potential candidate for cross-platform mobile applications.

Many features of HTML5 have been built with the consideration of being able to run on low-powered devices such as smartphones and tablets.

Syntactic Elements

In particular, HTML5 adds many new syntactic features.

These include the new <video>, <audio> and <canvas> elements, as well as the integration of Scalable Vector Graphics (SVG) content (replacing generic <object> tags), and MathML for mathematical formulas.

These features are designed to make it easy to include and handle multimedia and graphical content on the web without having to resort to proprietary plugins and APIs.

See Semantic HTML and Semantics.

Semantic Elements

New elements such as <main>, <section>, <article>, <header>, <footer>, <aside>, <nav> and <figure>, are designed to enrich the semantic content of documents.

New attributes have been introduced for the same purpose, while some elements and attributes have been removed.

Some elements, such as <a>, and <menu> have been changed, redefined or standardized.

The APIs and Document Object Model (DOM) are no longer afterthoughts, but are fundamental parts of the HTML5 specification.

HTML5 also defines in some detail the required processing for invalid documents so that syntax errors will be treated uniformly by all conforming browsers and other user agents.

See also

External links

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