Waterfall model

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The waterfall model is a sequential design process, used in software development processes, in which progress is seen as flowing steadily downwards (like a waterfall) through the phases of:

  • Conception
  • Initiation
  • Analysis
  • Design
  • Construction
  • Testing
  • Production/implementation
  • Maintenance.

The waterfall development model originates in the manufacturing and construction industries: highly structured physical environments in which after-the-fact changes are prohibitively costly, if not impossible.

Since no formal software development methodologies existed at the time, this hardware-oriented model was simply adapted for software development.

Agile software development is intended to improve upon the Waterfall model.

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