View source for Ganzfeld effect

The '''ganzfeld effect''' (from German for “'''complete field'''”) or '''perceptual deprivation''', is a phenomenon of [[perception]] caused by exposure to an unstructured, uniform stimulation field.

== Description ==

The effect is the result of the [[brain]] amplifying [[neural noise]] in order to look for the missing visual signals.

The noise is interpreted in the higher visual cortex, and gives rise to [[Hallucination|hallucinations]].

== Research ==

It has been most studied with vision by staring at an undifferentiated and uniform field of color.

The visual effect is described as the loss of vision as the brain cuts off the unchanging signal from the eyes.

The result is "[[seeing black]]", an apparent sense of [[blindness]].

Many people experience the ganzfeld effect as hallucinatory percepts and altered states of consciousness.

== Flickering ganzfeld ==

A [[flickering ganzfeld]] causes [[geometrical patterns]] and [[colors]] to appear. This is the working principle for [[Mind machine|mind machines]] and the [[Dreamachine]].

== Multiple senses ==

Ganzfeld induction in multiple senses is called multi-modal ganzfeld.

This is usually done by wearing ganzfeld goggles in addition to headphones with a uniform stimulus.

== Sensory deprivation ==

A related effect is [[sensory deprivation]], although in this case a stimulus is minimized rather than unstructured.

Hallucinations that appear under prolonged sensory deprivation are similar to elementary percepts caused by luminous ganzfeld, and include transient sensations of light flashes or colours. 

Hallucinations caused by sensory deprivation can, like ganzfeld-induced hallucinations, turn into complex scenes.

== Parapsychology ==

The effect is a component of a [[Ganzfeld experiment]], a technique used in the field of [[parapsychology]].

== See also ==

* [[Color]]
* [[Dreamachine]]
* [[Flickering ganzfeld]]
* [[Ganzfeld experiment]]
* [[James Turrell]]
* [[Light]]
* [[Mind machine]]
* [[Parapsychology]]
* [[Perception]]
* [[Psychology]]
* [[Sensory deprivation]]

==  External links ==

* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ganzfeld_effect Ganzfeld effect] @ Wikipedia